Skip to content.
 

Office of Compliance:
Congressional Accountability

Home

Your Rights:
Collective Bargaining & Unionization

Frequently Asked Questions

Question: What is an appropriate bargaining unit and how is it determined?

Answer: For collective bargaining purposes, a labor organization is certified as the exclusive representative of an appropriate unit of employees if three criteria are met: (1) the unit must ensure a clear and identifiable community of interest among the employees as to matters pertaining to terms of employment and working conditions; (2) the unit must promote effective dealings with the employing office; and (3) the unit must promote efficiency of the operations of the employing office. Absent an election agreement between a labor organization and an employing office, a pre-election investigatory hearing will be held and the Board of Directors of the Office of Compliance will decide what is an appropriate bargaining unit.

Question: May professional employees be included in a bargaining unit with nonprofessional employees?

Answer: Yes. Professional employees may organize and may comprise a bargaining unit solely of professional employees. However, professional employees may – by majority vote – decide to be included in an otherwise appropriate bargaining unit that includes nonprofessional employees.

Question: May an employing office recognize a labor organization as the exclusive bargaining representative without employees voting on the issue of representation?

Answer: No. An employing office may recognize a labor organization as the bargaining representative of its unit employees only after the unit employees vote for such representation in a secret ballot election, conducted by the Office of Compliance.

Question: Are employees required to become a member of a labor organization as a condition of employment?

Answer: No. An employee is not required to become a member of a labor organization or to pay dues as a condition of employment with an employing office.

Question: Employees elect a union as their exclusive bargaining representative. Six months after the election, several unit employees decide the union isn't doing a good job representing them. What can the employees in the bargaining unit do?

Answer: No more than one labor representation election may be held within a 12-month period of time. Therefore, if employees in a bargaining unit change their minds about representation, they must wait for 12 months to elapse before an election can be held to determine whether or not a majority of the employees wish to continue being represented by the union. In addition, if the incumbent union has negotiated a contract with the employing office, an election may not take place before the end of either three years or the term of the contract, whichever occurs first.

Skip to related items and useful links.